Atherogenic risk in aggravated preeclampsia far from term and of late onset

Abstract

Introduction: Preeclampsia-eclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To determine the atherogenic risk in early and late preeclampsia. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study of pregnant women admitted to the maternity hospital with a diagnosis of aggravated preeclampsia between 2010 and 2019. The sample consisted of 506 women, who were subdivided into early (less than 34 weeks) and late (34 weeks and older). Atherogenic risk was determined at the time of diagnosis of severe preeclampsia and the pregnant women were classified according to cardio-metabolic risk using the multivariate method of classification: two-stage clustering technique. The variables used for atherogenic risk were the Castelli and proatherogenic indices based on the TC/cHDL ratio. Results: Predominantly in fertile age, with a mean of 27.3 years, in early preeclampsia the mean was 30.6 weeks and in late preeclampsia 37.6 weeks. In the pathological history, multiparity was found in 211 pregnant women, followed by chronic arterial hypertension in 207. Of the total 506 patients, 488 had moderate and maximum risk (419 (82.8%) maximum atherogenic risk and 69 (13.6%) moderate risk) with a marked predominance in the group of late onset preeclampsia. Conclusions: They generally belong to the reproductive age group, most are multiparous, and chronic arterial hypertension is one of the most frequent antecedents found. Maximum and moderate atherogenic risk predominated in most of the women with aggravated preeclampsia, especially in late onset.